Tax on cash withdrawal is a form of advance taxation and is a strategy to keep tax evasion in check. This mode of tax collection is also called the presumptive tax regime. Globally, 3 countries are known to consider this approach namely, Pakistan, India and Greece.
Video Tax on cash withdrawal
Greece - Cashpoint Tax
During 2015, when Greek economy was on the verge of bankruptcy, millions of panicked citizens completely cleared their accounts - by pulling more than EUR28 billion out of banks and pushing the total cash revenue held in the country's financial institutions to a 10-year low.
To combat this Greek banks proposed taxing cash withdrawals and requiring use of debit and credit cards for all transaction in order to prevent tax evasion. A surcharge for all cashpoint withdrawals was introduced approximately amounting to EUR1 for every EUR1,000 transaction. It was expected that it won't impact day-to-day withdrawals and it will deter citizens from clearing out their bank accounts.
Ministers of the Athens government hoped the move could raise as much as EUR180 million, which would have helped the country's the then debt conditions. As per bank officials, cash was easy to funnel into the underground economy, which cost the state an estimated loss of 15 billion euros ($15.88 billion) a year and it would stop if there were no cash.
Greece declared bankruptcy in 2015.
Maps Tax on cash withdrawal
Pakistan - Withholding Tax (per section 231A)
- In Pakistan it is known as Withholding Tax described in the Section 231A of Income Tax Ordinance where a withdrawal of more than Rs. 50,000.00 attracts such tax. This tax is levied on the withdrawal of cash from the bank accounts by the customer. The customer account will be debited to give effect of this tax. This tax helps in documentation of the economy. It helps reducing cash transactions. However, the customer can reduce his tax liability at the end of the year with the amount already paid as advance tax on cash withdrawal from banks.
- Section 231A of the Income tax ordinance 2001 of Pakistan is reproduced here which imposes tax on cash withdrawal from the bank account.
- (1) Every banking company shall deduct tax at the rate specified in Division VI of Part IV of the First Schedule, if the payment for cash withdrawal, or the sum total of the payments for cash withdrawal in a day, exceeds fifty thousand rupees.
- (2) Advance tax under this section shall not be collected in the case of withdrawals made by,-
- (a) the Federal Government or a Provincial Government;
- (b) a foreign diplomat or a diplomatic mission in Pakistan; or
- (c) a person who produces a certificate from the Commissioner that his income during the tax year is exempt.
The section also defines the group of people who are exempted from this tax.
The current rate of the withholding tax is 0.3% for Tax filers and 0.6% for Non Tax Filer. At this rate, it was not meant to be a major source of earning for the Pakistani government but for helping in documentation of the economy.
In 2013, the Finance Act 2013 in Pakistan made amendments to the section and it increased the rate of withholding tax on cash withdrawals from 0.2% to 0.3%.
In budget 2014-15 withholding tax rate was proposed to be increased further 0.2%, thereby making it a total 0.5% per transaction for transactions above Rs.50,000.
India - Banking Transaction Tax (BTT)
During 2005-2008, the UPA led government of India imposed tax on withdrawals of more than Rs 50,000.00 from current accounts for detection of unaccounted money in the absence of alternative methods. This tax was applicable only on cash and not on payment by cheques. Jaswant Singh, a former BJP leader criticized this taxation stating this could cause inconvenience to people. This criticism was rejected by the then finance minister P Chidambaram, who later passed the bill to withdraw this form of taxation in 2009.
During 2014 elections, BJP while preparing the vision document named India Vision 2025, under the helmsmanship of former party President Nitin Gadkari stated they were looking forward to bring tax reforms. Economic think-tank Arthakranti during 2014 recommended the BJP led government to abolish the present taxation mechanism (income tax) and replace it with the Banking Transaction Tax (BTT) thereby charging a 2-4% of transaction tax on every form of transaction including electronic and cheque payments. Economic times criticized BTT stating it was "regressive and iniquitous" and it "could push India further back" citing reasons of a parallel economy where the poor and the rich will have to pay the equivalent amount of taxes.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia